In this talk, I will provide a brief overview of the key aspects of supernova matter during the final stages of stellar evolution, when the collapsing stellar core undergoes gravitational collapse and triggers a subsequent explosion. I will discuss the current knowledge on composition, relevant thermodynamic properties, and the emission of multimessengers. Additionally, I will highlight open...
The neutrinos from the core collapse SN1987A are the first extrasolar neutrinos to be ever detected and have been widely studied to infer the thermodynamical and temporal features of a supernova; however their interpretation in terms of the astrophysical properties of the explosion has been giving rise to heated debates since ever. At date, models are still under construction and simulations...
The theory of core-collapse Supernovae (SNe) has been developed during the past five decades, and nowadays can be considered a field mature enough to be studied at the interface of gravitational, particle, nuclear and numerical physics. Recent realistic 3D SN simulations have revealed that successful explosions can be self-triggered only by accounting for the heating by neutrinos...
During the accretion phase of a core-collapse supernova, dark-photon cooling can be largest in the gain layer below the stalled shock wave, in this way counter-act the usual shock rejuvenation by neutrino energy deposition, and thus prevent the explosion. The peculiar energy-loss profile derives from the resonant nature of dark-photon production. The largest effect obtains for the mass range...
In this talk, I will explore how the oscillation pattern of neutrinos emitted from a Supernova can be influenced by Earth matter effects and how these modifications can provide valuable insights into two significant areas of study. First, I will discuss how these effects could be used to probe the internal structure of the Earth, offering a unique approach to understanding its composition and...
Recent development in the cryogenic detector’s technique opened the possibility to detect neutrinos via Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering (CEvNS) with cm3-scale detectors. RES-NOVA will leverage the high cross-section and low-radioactivity of Pb of archaeological origin to investigate the neutrino signal from the next galactic Supernova. Its unique features will allow for the first...
DSNB is a Standard Model prediction which should be soon confirmed. We will use data from high-energy neutrino fluxes to better asses the foregrounds affecting DSNB detection.
Neutrinos have been continuously emitted since the first supernova explosions, forming a persistent background known as the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background (DSNB), which is actively being searched for in various experiments. Notably, these neutrinos are the oldest within experimental reach, raising the question of what new physics, whether effects that influenced neutrinos in the early...
Neutrinos are produced in large quantities in core-collapse supernovae. However, to this date, the observation of supernovae through neutrino detection has been limited to a single event, SN1987A. Another possibility for studying supernova neutrinos is through the detection of the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background (DSNB), which represents the collective flux of neutrinos emitted by all...
The discovery of nonzero neutrino masses naturally leads to the consideration of heavier neutrinos decaying into lighter ones. We explore the impact of two-body neutrino decays on the neutronization burst of a core-collapse supernova—the intense burst of electron neutrino emission occurring within the first 25 ms after the core bounce. In the scenario considered, the electron neutrinos are...
The duration of the neutrino burst from the supernova event SN 1987A is known to be sensitive to exotic sources of cooling, such as axions radiated from the dense and hot hadronic matter thought to constitute the inner core of the supernova. We perform the first quantitative study of the role of hadronic matter beyond the first generation—in particular strange matter. We do so by consistently...
Axion-like particles (ALPs) with MeV masses can be produced with semi-relativistic velocities in core-collapse supernovae (SNe). In this talk, I will demonstrate that a diffuse galactic flux of ALPs arises from the accumulated fluxes of past SNe and that these ALPs can be detected in neutrino water Cherenkov detectors via $a$ $p$ $\rightarrow$ $p$ $\gamma$ interactions. Using Super-Kamiokande...
In this talk we show that, if axion-like particles (ALPs) from core-collapse supernovae (SNe) couple to protons, they would produce very characteristic signatures in neutrino water Cherenkov detectors through their scattering off free protons via $a \, p \rightarrow p \, \gamma$ interactions. Specifically, sub-MeV ALPs would generate photons with energies $\sim 30$ MeV, which could be observed...
Supernova explosions would emit large numbers of axions (and axionlike particles) if these hypothetical particles have masses of at most a few hundred MeV and couplings to nucleons, pions, electrons, muons, or photons. The emitted relativistic axions can lead to directly observable signals through decays or conversions to photons, which would also efficiently happen at the one-loop level....
The existence of light QCD axions, whose mass depends on an additional free parameter, can lead to a new ground state of matter, where the sourced axion field reduces the nucleon effective mass. The presence of the axion field has structural consequences, in particular, it results in a thinner (or even prevents its existence) heat-blanketing envelope, significantly altering the cooling...
Axion-like particles (ALPs) can be produced in core-collapse supernovae (SNe) through various mechanisms, such as photon coalescence, Primakoff, electron-positron fusion and electron-Bremsstrahlung, due to their potential coupling to electrons. In this talk, I will explore ALP production for masses between 10 keV and 100 MeV, which are expected to decay producing gamma-ray signals that could...
In this presentation I will show how we can constrain Dark Matter (DM) scenarios with the supernova remnant HESS J1731-347. We assume the compact object to be an admixture of DM and Neutron Star, and presume the former to behave as a free Fermi gas. For the Neutron Star we use recently calculated regulator-independent equations of state for neutron stars obtained from first principles. Using...
In this talk, I will present the first $ab\ initio$ computation of the neutrino emissivities of White Dwarf stars due to plasmon decay in a model of gauged $U(1)_{L_\mu-L_\tau}$. I will present the relevant White Dwarf luminosities over the entire mass range of the new leptophilic gauge boson $A'$. In particular, taking into account the resonance effects, where the $A'$ mass is comparable to...
Supernova explosions are extreme cosmic events that may impact not only ordinary matter but also dark matter (DM) halos. In this talk, I explore the possibility that a fraction of supernova energy is released as dark radiation, which could transform a cuspy DM halo into a cored one, potentially explaining observed cores in some dwarf galaxies. Alternatively, limits on DM core sizes provide...
